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James R. Ward Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2581
[Number of Pages: 0]
James R. Ward was a senior CIA officer and comrade of William Colby and Evan Parker in the elite OSS unit the Jedburghs. Upon his arrival in Vietnam, Ward assisted US Army Colonel Junichi Buhto (also OSS) and Evan Parker in composing the document that enabled the Phoenix Program. Ward then served as the CIA officer in charge of Phoenix program operations in IV Corps, 1967-1969. An earthy man of action (he won an Iron Man contest at the age of 70) and a paramilitary specialist, Ward gives a straightforward, sanitized account of Phoenix in the Delta.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Ed Murphy Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2583
[Number of Pages: 0]
Interview of Ed Murphy about his involvement in the CIA's Phoenix Program during the Vietnam War.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Evan J Parker, Jr., Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2575
[Number of Pages: 0]
Evan J. Parker, Jr., was the senior CIA officer William Colby chose as the first director of the Phoenix Program in Saigon. A graduate of Cornell and a colleague of Colby's in the elite OSS unit the Jedburghs, Parker was the CIA's ranking expert on unconventional warfare. He had superstar status; he brought the veneer of respectability to the Phoenix program that Colby badly wanted. Soft spoken yet firm, Parker expresses his discomfort as a company man saluting and following orders in a program that he found at times to be tragically ineffective, if not 'hideous.'
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Connie O'Shea Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2584
[Number of Pages: 0]
Connie O'Shea interview about his involvement in the CIA's Phoenix Program during the Vietnam War.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
John S. Tilton Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2579
[Number of Pages: 0]
John S. Tilton was a senior CIA officer and third and final director of the Phoenix Program, 1971-1973. A graduate of George Washington University, Tilton served most of his career in Central and South America, and oversaw CIA operation that captured and killed Che Guevara in Bolivia. Blamed for the unapproved release of a photo taken of Che's spread-eagled corpse - which depicted the revolutionary as a crucified Christ figure - Tilton was exiled to Saigon, the end of the line. Tall and thin, gaunt and gangly, Tilton was a true cold warrior.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
John P. Muldoon Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2574
[Number of Pages: 0]
John P. Muldoon was the CIA officer in charge of the Province Interrogation Center (PIC) Program 1964-1966. The PICs were a foundation stone, along with the counter-terror teams, upon which Brickham built the Phoenix Program. Six feet four inches tall, well over two hundred pounds, Muldoon has a booming bass voice remarkably like Robert Mitchum's. In his uninhibited, unapologetic, and inimitable fashion, Muldoon gives a lecture on the CIA's interrogation program and practices that should be required listening for any serious student of the Vietnam War and War on Terror.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Brigadier General James W. Hunt Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2571
[Number of Pages: 0]
Brigadier General James W. Hunt. As a lieutenant colonel in 1971, Hunt ran the Phoenix training program in Saigon and Vung Tau. Privy to the inner-workings of the Phoenix Directorate, he was disturbed by the fact that Phoenix Director John Mason, a career CIA officer, 'blatantly lied.' As Hunt explains, 'Phoenix had been under the CIA; then MACV supposedly took it over. But we [the military] didn't really understand it, and there was always a suspicion. My impression was that John Mason worked for Colby through [Colonel Jake Jacobson], but he also had a close relationship with the chief of station - a professional relationship, back - channeling messages.'
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Intelligence in the Vietnam War Conference - Session 2 - The Phoenix Program
Moving Image Item Number: 999VI2321
[Number of Pages: 0]
The Vietnam Center/Center for the Study of Intelligence 'Intelligence in the Vietnam War Conference', October 2006, Holiday Inn Park Plaza, Lubbock, TX.<br> Session 2 - The Phoenix Program<br> Chair: Mark Moyar<br> General Patrick Hughes: The Phoenix Program - One Member's Perspectives from Vietnam to 2006 <br> John Haseman: The Phung Hoang (Phoenix) Program <br> Andrew Finlayson: The Tay Ninh PRU and its Role in the Phoenix Program, 1969-1970^N
Item Creation Date: 20 October 2006
Collection: Vietnam Center Collection
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Added: 23 Oct 2006 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Major General Charles J. Timmes Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2580
[Number of Pages: 0]
Major General Charles J. Timmes was a veteran of World War II and the Korean War. He was chief of the United States Military Assistance Advisory Group on South Vietnam in the early phases of American Involvement, and later served in Vietnam with the CIA, as an advisor to top Vietnamese officials, and as a counterinsurgency guru monitoring Phoenix operations.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Memo from R.W. Komer for General Westmoreland - re: Progress in Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24992803005
  • 24992803005
[Number of Pages: 2]
Item Creation Date: 24 April 1969
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 23 Feb 2017 [Updated: 27 Feb 2017]
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Message from CINCPAC to RUEKJCS - re: Questions concerning Phung Hoang/Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993002001
  • 24993002001
[Number of Pages: 3]
Item Creation Date: 20 August 1970
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 24 Mar 2017 [Updated: 24 Mar 2017]
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Memo - re: Response to request for information about Phoenix program [Best Quality]
Document Item Number: 24993002002
  • 24993002002
[Number of Pages: 2]
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 24 Mar 2017 [Updated: 29 Mar 2017]
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Report, Department of State - re: Phoenix Program over VCI losing power and National Police in Vietnam
Document Item Number: 24992803002
  • 24992803002
[Number of Pages: 2]
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 23 Feb 2017 [Updated: 27 Feb 2017]
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Report, Department of State - Vietnamization of the Phung Hoang (Phoenix) Program
Document Item Number: 24992803004
  • 24992803004
[Number of Pages: 1]
Item Creation Date: 18 September 1972
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 23 Feb 2017 [Updated: 23 Feb 2017]
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Report, USMACV - re: VC prison and VC countermeasures to the Phoenix program
Document Item Number: 24992805008
  • 24992805008
[Number of Pages: 14]
Author(s): Claude R. Brodur
Item Creation Date: August 1970
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 27 Feb 2017 [Updated: 27 Feb 2017]
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Letter from Douglas Pike to Dale Andrade - re: Information on Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993412061
  • 24993412061
[Number of Pages: 1]
Item Creation Date: 02 May 1988
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 24 Aug 2017 [Updated: 24 Aug 2017]
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Colonel Jean Andre Sauvageot Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2577
[Number of Pages: 0]
Colonel Jean Andre Sauvageot arrived in Vietnam in the summer of 1964 as a US Army district advisor to regional and popular forces. He fell under the tutelage of Frank Scotton, a pioneer in counter-insurgency warfare, and was hired by Covert Action Chief Tom Donohue into the CIA's Revolutionary Development Cadre program. Sauvganeot explains the development of the RD cadre program as well as Census grievance under CIA officer Dick Fortin.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Research Study, Air University - The Future Applicability of the Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993411001
  • 24993411001
[Number of Pages: 79]
Author(s): Major Warren H. Milberg
Item Creation Date: May 1974
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 22 Aug 2017 [Updated: 22 Aug 2017]
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Statement, COMUSMACV - The Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24992803011
  • 24992803011
[Number of Pages: 3]
Author(s): Ambassador William E. Colby
Item Creation Date: 19 July 1971
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 24 Feb 2017 [Updated: 27 Feb 2017]
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Letter from Dale Andrade to Lt. Col. H. T. Hayden - re: Correspondence Concerning Dale Andrade's Book about Project Phoenix
Document Item Number: 24993412003
  • 24993412003
[Number of Pages: 3]
Item Creation Date: 14 October 1989
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 23 Aug 2017 [Updated: 23 Aug 2017]
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Report - re: The Phoenix Program and the Geneva Convention
Document Item Number: 24993014003
  • 24993014003
[Number of Pages: 7]
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 12 Apr 2017 [Updated: 12 Apr 2017]
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Presentation Transcript - Statement for the Record on Concerns over the Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993113004
  • 24993113004
[Number of Pages: 3]
Author(s): W. E. Colby
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 14 Apr 2017 [Updated: 14 Apr 2017]
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Presentation Transcript - Statement for the Record on the Nomination of William E. Colby to be Director of Central Intelligence
Document Item Number: 24993113005
  • 24993113005
[Number of Pages: 21]
Item Creation Date: 20 July 1973
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 14 Apr 2017 [Updated: 14 Apr 2017]
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Presentation Transcript - Samuel Adam's Statement Concerning the Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993113006
  • 24993113006
[Number of Pages: 2]
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 14 Apr 2017 [Updated: 14 Apr 2017]
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Memorandum from Department of State, House Committee on Government Operations - The Geneva Convention and the Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993014004
  • 24993014004
[Number of Pages: 5]
Item Creation Date: 19 July 1971
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 05 Apr 2017 [Updated: 12 Apr 2017]
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Memo from the Deputy Director, Vietnam Task Force - re: The Geneva Conventions and the Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993014005
  • 24993014005
[Number of Pages: 5]
Item Creation Date: 27 July 1971
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 05 Apr 2017 [Updated: 12 Apr 2017]
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Memo from Acting Assistant Legal Advisor to Ambassador Kilsworth Bunker - re: The Geneva Conventions and the Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993014006
  • 24993014006
[Number of Pages: 3]
Item Creation Date: 11 August 1971
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 05 Apr 2017 [Updated: 12 Apr 2017]
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Memo from Comusmacv - re: Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24992803006
  • 24992803006
[Number of Pages: 5]
Item Creation Date: No date
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 23 Feb 2017 [Updated: 27 Feb 2017]
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Research Paper, Center for Asian Studies - The Phoenix Program: "Planned Assassination" or Legitimate Conflict Management?
Document Item Number: 24993411003
  • 24993411003
[Number of Pages: 16]
Author(s): Ralph Johnson
Item Creation Date: 1981
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 22 Aug 2017 [Updated: 22 Aug 2017]
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Telegram from the American Embassy at Saigon to the Secretary of State - re: Phoenix Program Another False UPI Report
Document Item Number: 24993301002
  • 24993301002
[Number of Pages: 4]
Item Creation Date: 11 January 1975
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 03 May 2017 [Updated: 03 May 2017]
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Message from COMUSMACV to CINCPAC - re: Phung Hoang/Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993203009
  • 24993203009
[Number of Pages: 2]
Item Creation Date: July 1970
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 20 Apr 2017 [Updated: 20 Apr 2017]
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Memo from COMUSMACV to SA I, II, III, IV - re: Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993405001
  • 24993405001
[Number of Pages: 4]
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 09 May 2017 [Updated: 09 May 2017]
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Message from COMUSMACV to CINCPAC - re: Phung Hoang/Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993203002
  • 24993203002
[Number of Pages: 2]
Item Creation Date: 09 July 1970
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 20 Apr 2017 [Updated: 20 Apr 2017]
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Report - The Phoenix Program in II CORPS
Document Item Number: 24992906007
  • 24992906007
[Number of Pages: 15]
Author(s): John G. Lybrand, L. Craig Johnstone
Item Creation Date: 01 May 1968
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 20 Mar 2017 [Updated: 20 Mar 2017]
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Coloner Douglas Dillard Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2568
[Number of Pages: 0]
Colonel Douglas Dillard assigned as the Phoenix Coordinator in IV Corps (the Delta) 1967-1969. A World War Two airborne ranger veteran of the D-Day invasion, Dillard organized Phoenix operations in IV Corps under CIA officer Jim Ward. With his smooth Southern drawl - and an army officer's irreverence for CIA civilians - Dillard provides a colorful description of Phoenix in its initial phase.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
William E. Colby Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2567
[Number of Pages: 0]
William E. Colby: Director of Central Intelligence (1973-1976), Colby was chief of the CIA's Far East Asia Division when Phoenix was created in 1967. He is the CIA officer most closely linked to Phoenix, as a result of his testimony to Congress about the program in 1970 and 1971, as well as at his confirmation hearings in 1973. An artist at dissembling, Colby's dispassionate voice is that of the cold bureaucrat stating, as fact, policy that was contradicted by operational realities.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Major General Bruce M. Lawlor
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2572
[Number of Pages: 0]
Major General Bruce M. Lawlor was a 20-something, high-strung CIA officer involved in Phoenix operations in I Corps in 1971-1973. A Georgetown law graduate and native of Vermont, Lawlor ran one of the infamous CIA counter-terror teams that earned a reputation for brutality in South Vietnam. These counter-terror teams, called PRU were the main action arm of Phoenix. Lawlor later ran for attorney general of Vermont and lost, he says, because the Left smeared him with his CIA record in Phoenix. Although bothered by the rampant corruption at the CIA's managerial level in South Vietnam, Lawlor is a better opponent of the Left and a staunch advocate of the eternal War on Terror. Under Bush he served as the first chief of staff at the Department of Homeland Security.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Warren H. Milberg Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2573
[Number of Pages: 0]
Warren H. Milberg was the CIA Phoenix Officer in charge in Quang Tri Province, 1967-1968. Milberg was raised on Long Island, New York and served his first tour in Vietnam in 1965, as a US Air Force security officer in Da Nang. While in Da Nang, he was secretly recruited by the CIA into its Special Operations Group and soon developed an appetite for high adventure. When Phoenix was formed in 1967, Milberg was one of 44 men asked to manage its operations in the provinces. Milberg was one of two Jewish military officers assigned to Phoenix; the other, however, withdrew because the program mirrored what the Nazis did in France in World War Two. Milberg's words provide a dramatic addition to the narrative.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Thomas Polgar Interview
Audio Item Number: 2506AU2576
[Number of Pages: 0]
Thomas Polgar was CIA Station Chief in Saigon, 1972-1975. Described as 'rigid' and 'a bureaucrat' who 'was not well versed in intelligence field work,' Polgar provides the technical explanations for the CIA programs of which Phoenix was composed, as they existed in the final stages of the Vietnam War. A Hungarian national who fled to the US in 1938, Polgar had just finished a stint as chief investigator for the Senate Select Committee probing the Iran-contra affair when Mr. Valentine interviewed him. His style, like that of Colby's, is that of a detached policy-maker. When properly analyzed and contrasted with the operational realities presented by those involved in the field, Polgar's dissembling stands as a stark reminder of the dangers of 'official' propaganda.
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Douglas Valentine Collection
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Added: 20 Sep 2012 [Updated: 20 Jan 2026]
Memo for Secretary of Defense - re: Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993405025
  • 24993405025
[Number of Pages: 4]
Item Creation Date: 10 December 1970
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 10 May 2017 [Updated: 10 May 2017]
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Letter from Dale Andrade to Joseph Treaster - re: Interview about the Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993412049
  • 24993412049
[Number of Pages: 1]
Item Creation Date: 22 June 1988
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 24 Aug 2017 [Updated: 24 Aug 2017]
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Letter from Dale Andrade to Rhea Johnson - re: Request for Documents about Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993412093
  • 24993412093
[Number of Pages: 1]
Item Creation Date: 21 June 1988
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 25 Aug 2017 [Updated: 25 Aug 2017]
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Pamphlet - Ashes to Ashes
Document Item Number: 24990607006
  • 24990607006
[Number of Pages: 3]
Author(s): Dale Andrade
Item Creation Date: No Date
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 27 Jun 2017 [Updated: 27 Jun 2017]
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Report - Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993401004
  • 24993401004
[Number of Pages: 7]
Item Creation Date: 1970
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 08 May 2017 [Updated: 08 May 2017]
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Letter from Lyman B. Kirkpatrick, Jr., Professor of Political Science and University Professor to F. C. Brown - re: Comments on the Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993408008
  • 24993408008
[Number of Pages: 1]
Item Creation Date: 17 January 1975
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 11 May 2017 [Updated: 11 May 2017]
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Memo for the Secretary of the Army and Attachments - re: Phung Hoang/Phoenix Program
Document Item Number: 24993405012
  • 24993405012
[Number of Pages: 5]
Item Creation Date: 24 June 1970
Collection: Dale W. Andrade Collection
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Added: 10 May 2017 [Updated: 23 Jan 2019]
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Vietnam Center & Sam Johnson Vietnam Archive

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